I incorrectly predicted that there's no violation of human rights in ILGAR MAMMADOV v. AZERBAIJAN and 4 other applications.

Judgment

FIRST SECTION
CASE OF MAMMADOV AND OTHERS v. AZERBAIJAN
(Applications nos. 27390/17 and 4 others – see appended list)

JUDGMENT

STRASBOURG
18 January 2024

This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Mammadov and Others v. Azerbaijan,
The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Krzysztof Wojtyczek, President, Lətif Hüseynov, Ivana Jelić, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 14 December 2023,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Azerbaijan lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table
2. The Azerbaijani Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4. The applicants complained under Article 6 of the Convention of the unfair trial in administrative-offence proceedings. Some of the applicants also complained under other provisions of the Convention. THE LAW
5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. 6. Relying on Articles 5 and 6 of the Convention, the applicants complained that they had not committed any administrative offence and that they had not had a fair hearing, since the domestic court decisions had lacked adequate reasoning. The Court considers that these complaints fall to be examined solely under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention (see Hasanov v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 59202/12, § 16, 28 April 2022, and Ahmadli v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], 52286/11, § 7, 30 June 2022). 7. In the leading cases of Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, 15 October 2015; Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, 11 February 2016; Hasanov and Majidli v. Azerbaijan, nos. 9626/14 and 9717/14, 7 October 2021; Savalanli v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 30608/14, 14 January 2021; and Ibrahimov v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 39466/16, 14 January 2021, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 8. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the administrative-offence proceedings against the applicants, considered as a whole, were not in conformity with the guarantees of a fair hearing under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. 9. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. 10. Relying on Articles 5, 6, 10 and 18 of the Convention, some applicants also made additional complaints related to the same facts and legal issues which had been examined by the Court (see paragraphs 7-9 above). 11. Having regard to the facts of the cases, the submissions of the parties and its findings under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, the Court considers that it has examined the main legal questions raised in the present applications and there is no need to give a separate ruling on the remaining complaints (see, among other authorities, Centre for Legal Resources on behalf of Valentin Câmpeanu v. Romania [GC], no. 47848/08, § 156, ECHR 2014, and references cited therein; Azer Ahmadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 3409/10, §§ 77-79, 22 July 2021; Mehman Aliyev and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], no. 46930/10 and 11 others, §§ 52-54, 20 May 2021). 12. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‐law (see, in particular, Yegorov and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 77208/16 and 4 others, 28 May 2019; Kuratov and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 24377/15 and 2 others, 22 October 2019; Shaliyev v. Azerbaijan [Committee], no. 80814/17, 9 March 2023; Safarov and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], nos. 1476/18 and 19 others, 23 March 2023; and Mammadov and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], nos. 23689/14 and 7 others, 21 September 2023), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table and dismisses the remainder of the applicants’ claims for just satisfaction. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points;
Done in English, and notified in writing on 18 January 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court. Viktoriya Maradudina Krzysztof Wojtyczek Acting Deputy Registrar President

APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 of the Convention
(unfair trial in administrative offence proceedings)
No. Application no. Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth

Representative’s name and location
Administrative charges
Penalty
Name of court
Date of final domestic decision
Specific defects in respect of the main complaints
Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage per applicant
(in euros)[1]
Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application
(in euros)[2]
27390/17
27/03/2017
Ilgar
Mammadali oglu MAMMADOV
1975
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 510 and 535 of the CAO
Administrative fine of 200 Azerbaijani manats
Shaki Court of Appeal,
10/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
27393/17
27/03/2017
Amil
Khanlar oglu MAMMADZADE
1992
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Thirty days’ administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
24/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
55753/17
20/07/2017
Islam
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1982
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
58948/17
04/08/2017
Samir
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1984
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 206, 510 and 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
59115/17
04/08/2017
Vasif
Hagverdi oglu MUZAFFAROV
1987
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
One month’s administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
01/03/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)

[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. [2] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. FIRST SECTION
CASE OF MAMMADOV AND OTHERS v. AZERBAIJAN
(Applications nos. 27390/17 and 4 others – see appended list)

JUDGMENT

STRASBOURG
18 January 2024

This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Mammadov and Others v. Azerbaijan,
The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Krzysztof Wojtyczek, President, Lətif Hüseynov, Ivana Jelić, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 14 December 2023,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Azerbaijan lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table
2. The Azerbaijani Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4. The applicants complained under Article 6 of the Convention of the unfair trial in administrative-offence proceedings. Some of the applicants also complained under other provisions of the Convention. THE LAW
5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. 6. Relying on Articles 5 and 6 of the Convention, the applicants complained that they had not committed any administrative offence and that they had not had a fair hearing, since the domestic court decisions had lacked adequate reasoning. The Court considers that these complaints fall to be examined solely under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention (see Hasanov v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 59202/12, § 16, 28 April 2022, and Ahmadli v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], 52286/11, § 7, 30 June 2022). 7. In the leading cases of Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, 15 October 2015; Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, 11 February 2016; Hasanov and Majidli v. Azerbaijan, nos. 9626/14 and 9717/14, 7 October 2021; Savalanli v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 30608/14, 14 January 2021; and Ibrahimov v. Azerbaijan, [Committee], no. 39466/16, 14 January 2021, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 8. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the administrative-offence proceedings against the applicants, considered as a whole, were not in conformity with the guarantees of a fair hearing under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. 9. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. 10. Relying on Articles 5, 6, 10 and 18 of the Convention, some applicants also made additional complaints related to the same facts and legal issues which had been examined by the Court (see paragraphs 7-9 above). 11. Having regard to the facts of the cases, the submissions of the parties and its findings under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, the Court considers that it has examined the main legal questions raised in the present applications and there is no need to give a separate ruling on the remaining complaints (see, among other authorities, Centre for Legal Resources on behalf of Valentin Câmpeanu v. Romania [GC], no. 47848/08, § 156, ECHR 2014, and references cited therein; Azer Ahmadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 3409/10, §§ 77-79, 22 July 2021; Mehman Aliyev and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], no. 46930/10 and 11 others, §§ 52-54, 20 May 2021). 12. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‐law (see, in particular, Yegorov and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 77208/16 and 4 others, 28 May 2019; Kuratov and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 24377/15 and 2 others, 22 October 2019; Shaliyev v. Azerbaijan [Committee], no. 80814/17, 9 March 2023; Safarov and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], nos. 1476/18 and 19 others, 23 March 2023; and Mammadov and Others v. Azerbaijan [Committee], nos. 23689/14 and 7 others, 21 September 2023), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table and dismisses the remainder of the applicants’ claims for just satisfaction. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points;
Done in English, and notified in writing on 18 January 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court. Viktoriya Maradudina Krzysztof Wojtyczek Acting Deputy Registrar President

APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 of the Convention
(unfair trial in administrative offence proceedings)
No. Application no. Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth

Representative’s name and location
Administrative charges
Penalty
Name of court
Date of final domestic decision
Specific defects in respect of the main complaints
Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage per applicant
(in euros)[1]
Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application
(in euros)[2]
27390/17
27/03/2017
Ilgar
Mammadali oglu MAMMADOV
1975
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 510 and 535 of the CAO
Administrative fine of 200 Azerbaijani manats
Shaki Court of Appeal,
10/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
27393/17
27/03/2017
Amil
Khanlar oglu MAMMADZADE
1992
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Thirty days’ administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
24/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
55753/17
20/07/2017
Islam
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1982
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
58948/17
04/08/2017
Samir
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1984
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 206, 510 and 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
59115/17
04/08/2017
Vasif
Hagverdi oglu MUZAFFAROV
1987
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
One month’s administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
01/03/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)

No. Application no. Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth

Representative’s name and location
Administrative charges
Penalty
Name of court
Date of final domestic decision
Specific defects in respect of the main complaints
Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage per applicant
(in euros)[1]
Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application
(in euros)[2]
27390/17
27/03/2017
Ilgar
Mammadali oglu MAMMADOV
1975
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 510 and 535 of the CAO
Administrative fine of 200 Azerbaijani manats
Shaki Court of Appeal,
10/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
27393/17
27/03/2017
Amil
Khanlar oglu MAMMADZADE
1992
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Thirty days’ administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
24/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
55753/17
20/07/2017
Islam
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1982
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
58948/17
04/08/2017
Samir
Rustam oglu HASANOV
1984
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Articles 206, 510 and 535 of the CAO
Twenty days’ administrative detention
Shaki Court of Appeal,
15/02/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
59115/17
04/08/2017
Vasif
Hagverdi oglu MUZAFFAROV
1987
Asabali
MUSTAFAYEV
Sumgayit

Ruslan
MUSTAFAZADE
Sumgayit
Article 535 of the CAO
One month’s administrative detention
Baku Court of Appeal,
01/03/2017
insufficient or manifestly unreasonable justification of court decisions (see Gafgaz Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no. 60259/11, §§ 83-87, 15 October 2015, and Huseynli and Others v. Azerbaijan, nos. 67360/11 and 2 others, §§ 119-24, 11 February 2016). 1,000
250
(to be paid directly to the representative Mr Asabali
Mustafayev’s bank account)
[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. [2] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.